Sharecropping and Tenant Farming

Following Reconstruction and the failure of land reform efforts in the South, two new systems developed: sharecropping and tenant farming. Sharecroppers were provided land, tools, mules, seed, cabins, and food, and in return they received between one-quarter and one-half of the crop. Unlike sharecroppers, tenants owned their tools and equipment and thus retained a larger share of their crop at season’s end. Though different, both systems favored landowners, leaving landless farmers at risk of debt and dependency. Sharecropping and tenant farming remained common practices until World War II (1941-45), when the mechanization of agriculture began to require fewer individuals to farm the land.