Following the Reconstruction Era, many different programs were enacted over the years to aid struggling farmers. Organizations that were formed, in some cases, were still limited to white membership, and in response, African Americans began to develop and lead their own organizations such as the Colored Farmer’s Alliance. Other government programs like the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1890 (supplemented by funding in the Smith-Lever Act) and the Flint River Farms Resettlement Project were created to provide African Americans with access to education, stable income, homeownership, and equity in land ownership.

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