Primary Sources

  • Butler, Selena Sloan. Chain Gang System, by Mrs. Selena S. Butler, Atlanta, Ga. Read before the National Association of Colored Women at Nashville, Tenn., September 16, 1897. Tuskegee: Normal School Steam Press Print, 1897.
  • Cable, George Washington. The Silent South: Together with The Freedman’s Case in Equity and The Convict Lease System, New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1885.
  • Felton, Rebecca A. “The Convict System of Georgia.” Forum, vol. 2, no. 5, 1887, pp. 484-90.
  • “The New Slavery in the South--An Autobiography: By A Georgia Negro Peon,” The Independent, Feb. 25, 1904, pp. 409-414. Documenting the American South, https://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/negpeon/negpeon.html.